Container and process of making same



March 7, 1944. D. E. GROVE CONTAINER AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME Filed March 30, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 POA/Ma E. 6201/5,

A Tron/V554 March 7, 1944. D. E. GRovE CONTAINER AND PROCESSl OF MAKING SAME Filed March 5o, 1942 2 sheetssheet 2 om l s'rrss @gesso Donald E. Grove, West Los Angeles, Calif., assignor oi' 'one-sixth to Vincent C. Hickson, Los

Angeles, Calif.

Application Maren so, 1942, sensi 10.436.721

(ci. zeta-5.5)

2 Claims.'

This invention relates to containers andstructural elements, and more particularly to rigid containers having varying body cross-sections and end closures, within which general classiii-v cation or category, of course, falls more particularly cans and the like. Such cans and containers of like kind have ordinarily been formed with metallic bodies and metallic endclosures, and the same long have been and are used very extensively for packaging, storing and vending both liquid and dry and semi-liquid materials and substances, very largeh7 vegetables and meats and other aliments. f course, also, many other materials and substances are similarly packaged, including chemicals, greases, oils and a Wide range of materials and substances. Close sealing or end closing is indispensable to prevent both leakage and likewise deterioration of contents, and this is more particularly so with respect to liquids, as in the'particular of leakage. Perfect sealing is required to insure long preservation of contents, and it is entirely indispensablev that such sealing be complete and perfect in the use of containers for packaging foods, inasmuch as acces oi oxygen or air to the interiors of metallic containers tends to set up reactions rendering the contents either inedible or poisonous. Such containers have been formed principally of metal as recited, in order to obtain `the qualities hereinabove mentioned and the further qualities of inherent rigidity enabling such containers and contents to be shipped and handled without damage and likewise to vbe piled and stacked in storrecourse must be had to materials which will meet. all the requirements of which a number havebeen heretofore set down, and particularly inherent stability and resistance to crushing stress as well es imperviousness to leakage of 'either gaseous or duid materials. Likewise, such materials must permit of closing at the ends of the receptacle by the application to the bodies of metallic closures in one practice of the .uwention.

The matter of such materials in certain preferred forms or as to certain preferred constituents and ingredients is treated of in a companion application for Letters Patent executed the same day as the present Vapplication and led therewith, such otherA application dealing not only with the material of the non-metallic container body, but with adhesive material utilized in convolutely forming such body and inside coating for such body and the application to such body of a labelif desired. The invention of the present application is concerned with such application of end closures, and I 'am not aware of established commercial utilization of material other than metallic material for the body por` tions of such containers or receptacles as combined with metallic closures.

It is one object of this invention to provide such combination or association of non-metallic container or receptacle body and metallic end closures which will be durable, gasand duid-tight, in which the application of the end closures may be made with facility and convenience, and which association will be generally superior from the standpoint of eiciency, serviceability, inexpensiveness and adaptability' to varying conditions of use and service.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel and useful provision. formation, constitution, association, interrelation and combination and relative arrangement of parts, members, features and steps or sequences of steps, all as hereinafter described, shown or indicated in, the drawings., and finally pointed out in claims.

In the drawings: f

Fig. i is a perspective view of a container or receptacle having a non-metallic body and me?, tallic end closures applied thereto to seal the same, the seam at. the top beingiormed to project somewhat outwardly and the seam at thebottom being formed to lie within the geometric iigure of the body itself.;

' Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional detail view taken upon the line 2 2, Fig. 1, and looking in the directlon of the appended arrows;

Figs. 3, s, 5 and 6 are views illustrating progressively thelformation of one seam. shown in Figs. l and 2, illustrating the use of chucks and l rollers in the formation of such seam; and

Figs. '7, 8, 9, 10, 1l and l2 are also enlarged sectional views, similar to Figs. 2 to 6 inclusive', .but illustrating the formation of a closure seam to produce and dispose same, as illustarted in Figs. l and 12, in completion. so that same will lie Within the contour of the geometric Iigure of the container lor receptacle, the completed seam being shown in Figs. 7- and 12.

Fig. 7 is taken upon the section line 1-1, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the appended arrows.

Corresponding parts in all the gures are designated by the same refereice characters.

Referring with particularity to the drawings, I have shown therein in Fig. 1 a container or receptacle A having a non-metallic body a, the

is shown in the drawings, but which bottom closure will ordinarily be identical in make-up together of the laminae l! is extruded from between the laminae by pressure and becomes distributed over the marginal portions of said laminae and seals such laminae against both intrusion and extrusion, such sealing medium being shown in Figs. 3 and 4 at D, and this sealing medium enters intimately into the formation of the seam and cooperates with the impingement of the metal closure upon the non-metallic stock to effect and insure hermetically tight sealing and prevent escape or intrusion within the container or receptacle of either iluid or gas. The

nal step of forming the double seam, which in -B and a bottom closure C of which only the seam with the top closure B with variations as desired or expedient in the nature of the seam itself,

the top closure having an outwardly projecting standard practice in seaming,together metallic.

container or receptacle bodies and metallic end closures. As previously indicated, I do not know of any successfully commercially exploited nonmetallic body with metallic end closures which body will be impervious to penetration even of fluids or gases and combined with metallic end closures seamed thereto in any manner.

In dealing with a non-metallic, body some problems are encountered which are not Ymet with in dealing with metallic bodies and metallic end closures. Therefore, while the steps in applying a metallic end closure such as B or C, as shown in the various ilgures, follow the steps in kind and character employed in applying metallic end closures to metallic bodies, still there are departures which are indicated in the drawings and will now be referred to. i

In Fig. 3 the closure body b is shown as' hanged outwardly and curled angularly at its extremity by any suitable tlanging machine or means, and

' in so doing, this outer ilange I3, which is connected with the closure body bas at Il, is so connected through a curvature of relatively large end pressure upon the body is provided in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. '3 and 4,

the main corresponds with standard practice with regard to containers or receptacles with metallic bodies, is shown in Fig. 6, with respect to the closure B, a suitable seaming roll IB being applied to the partially completed seam produced as shown in Fig. 5.

It will be noted that in the forming of this double seam there is another departure from standard metallic body and metallic closure seeming, and that is that there is a material compression of the non-metallic material of the container or receptacle body and that compreslsion produces a most intimate contact throughout th`e enter-engaging parts and portions of the seam which, even without the sealing material B, insures an especiallyl and effectively tight joint, and which is not as capa'ble of accomplishment in the use of metal against metal where there is always the possibility or surface channeling or failure in intimate contact. This statement is borne out by the fact that in the use of metal-to-metal closing of containers and receptacles, testing of the tightness of the seaming is required, and it is believed that such testing may be dispensed with in the use of nonmetallic and metallic mating of materials in accordance with. the present invention. v

It is believed that for the first time the presen invention, either with or without the general or special provisions as to material set down in said companion application, it is possible to provide a closed container or receptacle which will be utterly impervious to fluid or gas, both with respect to the body portion and likewise the closures. It is not clear that metallic bodies of this character are ever entirely impervious, for always there is the tendency of the less dense outer air andthe more dense inner contents, if fluid or semi-huid, to come to the balance of density and if there be only the slightest permeability of the container or receptacle, this action may result in deterioration of the contents. To secure this result the practice of lacwhich causes the non-metallic'body, which may be laminated as by laminae II, to be distorted or deformed by bending outwardly in its traverseof, such curvature at Il from the formation sliown in Fig. 3 into that shown in Fig. 4. A suitable chuck Itis applied to and within the contour of the closure body b. Following this a querlng the end closures as an extra precaution against permeation or penetration may be resorted to. In all events. the particular makeup and cooperation of parts and features and materials of the non-metallic body and the metalliclclosures in the seams uniting same. results in those zones in the most complete insurance against leakage of any nature. A

seaming roll or ring i1 is applied to the flange Il,

to upset the metal of same and curl it around and beneath the flanged portion of the can body portion a, as shown in Fig. 5, into initial position prior to iinal seaming and tight sealing.

As set forth in said companion application, certain adhesive material utilized in the adhering In Figs. 8 to 12. inclusive, is shown the method of and steps in forming the closure C with its body portion'c, the double seaming performance being somewhat varied by insetting the end portion of the preferably laminated body portlpn a of the body A. which issdone by the use of a suitable roll II exteriorly applied and a mating roll 2l interiorly applied. the result of this step being shown in Fig. 9. In Fig. l0 there is shown applied the closure body c, which is suitably providel with an outwardly ranging flange 2| having amano a curled edge portion 22, producing a Vformation v into which the body formation asshown in Fig. 9

is inserted, annularly, and then achuck 2l is applied within the closure body cand a seaming roll or ring 24 is applied to the formation and arrangement as indicated in Fig. l0, and the resultant double seam shown in Figs; 'l and 8v is nnally provided by another seaming roller or die 25 producing iinally the completed and impervious double seam C `shown in Figs. 1,- at the bottom, and '1.

It will be understood that lthe same sealing means or material B asshown in Figs. 3- and 4 is preferably applied to the marginal portions of ythe laminae I oi the body portion a. and as shown in Fig. 4 and in Fig. 10. this sealing means accommodates slight relative displacement be` tween the marginal portions of the laminae in formation of the same, the sealing still remaining intact.

In its broader aspects, the invention relates to union, by seaming. of various objects, parts and members with tightness and imperviousness. and is not limited to containers and closures.

It is furtherl to be understood that my invention contemplates such variations in dimensions of material as may be required or desired or preferred for purposes of strengthening or reinforcement or to produce definite annular or other enlargements contributing to the inherent` strength and stress resistance of the structure. The'method ot operation and procedure' incident to the seaming together or uniting oi the y'body A and closures B and `C having been referred to in its various aspects in accordance with both standard and modiiied. or altered practice, a resume of all such procedure is not deemed necessary. It is to be pointed-out that the invention is not to be'limited to any particular kind o! non-metallic body or particular kind of metallic closure, or closures, or particular and specific character oi seam between the same;

and that various modiiications and alterations.

and substitutions 'may be made in departure from the foregoing description andthe drawings in adapting the invention to varying conditions oi' use and service without departing from the spirit oi the invention.

Having-thus disclosed my invention, I claim and desire to secure by letters Patent:

1. A container. o t the character described, comprising a non-metallic body of laminated struc- .ture having a crimped in-set margin, a metallic a flange adjacent its outer edge, the in-set end oi the peripheral margin of said body being coated with a iluent sealing material, said in-set end of the peripheral margin o! said body being compressed within a convolution of said flange to produce a double compressive distortion pi said peripheral margin. the outer-surface o! said convolution oi said flange being withinthe geo-v metrical contour of the main portion oi said body. v

DONALD E. GROVE. 

